Malware, such as viruses, Trojans and spyware, is one of the most common security risks that can infect systems and steal sensitive data. They can cause significant damage to an organisation by disrupting business processes, spying on confidential information and even destroying important files.
Phishing attacks are another common threat, where attackers send scam messages, such as emails or text messages, that try to trick recipients into revealing sensitive information such as usernames, passwords or credit card details. Such attacks can lead to identity theft, phishing and financial losses.
Ransomware is a specific type of malware that encrypts user files and demands a ransom to decrypt them. This can cause significant business disruption and compromise the security of sensitive data.
Insider threats, such as fraud, data leaks and deliberate malicious attacks, can pose significant risks to an organisation’s information security. These threats may originate from employees or other internal stakeholders within the organisation and require appropriate controls and monitoring to identify and counter them.
Weak passwords and un-updated software are also common security risks that can expose an organisation’s systems to attacks and data breaches. The use of strong passwords and regular software updates are important measures to minimise these risks.
In addition, misconduct such as unethical behaviour, insider trading and theft can cause significant security problems and financial losses to an organisation. Identifying and combating these risks requires appropriate supervision, training and internal control processes.